Three Decades of the Greater Tumen Initiative: Northeast Asian Regional Cooperation Published December 2025
The book traces the evolution of regional cooperation from the Tumen River Area Development Programme (TRADP), launched with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), to the establishment and development of the GTI. It examines the contributions of GTI Member States—China, Mongolia, the Republic of Korea, and Russia—and reviews the development of cooperation mechanisms, strategic initiatives, and institutional arrangements over the past three decades.
The publication also explores key areas for future cooperation, including regional connectivity, trade facilitation, cross-border e-commerce, and institutional development. Drawing on scholarly research and perspectives from participating countries, it highlights lessons learned from three decades of cooperation and identifies opportunities to strengthen regional collaboration amid evolving regional and global challenges.
The full publication is available for download below.